Fall Forum 2005 - Resources
Art in the Board Room
New York City, November 11-13, 2005Tools for Governance & Arts Advocacy: Suggested Resources
*Publications that are available for download on the internet
**Publications that are available for purchase on the internet
Arts and American Society
Florida, Richard. The Rise of the Creative Class: And How It’s Transforming Work, Leisure, Community and Everyday Life. New York: Basic Books, 2000.
**www.amazon.com/books
Florida explains the rise of a new social class that he labels the “creative class,” defined as those whose economic function is to create new ideas, new technology and new creative content. The author estimates that this group constitutes more than 30 percent of the U.S. workforce and profoundly influences work and lifestyle issues.
McCarthy, Kevin, Arthur Brooks, Julia Lowell and Laura Zakaras. The Performing Arts in a New Era. Santa Monica: RAND, 2001.
*www.rand.org/publications
Provides a comprehensive overview of the performing arts field focusing on signs of change in arts audiences, artists, arts organizations and financing over the past 20 years—both in the aggregate and, where the data allows, by discipline and sector.
Stolarick, Kevin. “Durham Ranks #1 on the Creativity Index.” Volume 2, Issue 1 of Creative Intelligence. Catalytix, Inc. and Richard Florida Creativity Group, 2004.
*http://www.catalytix.biz/acrobat/vol2issue1.pdf
A web-based, bimonthly newsletter focusing on measuring the creative class in communities and providing the latest regional indicators developed by Richard Florida and his team.
Stolarick, Kevin. “New York City: Numero Uno.” Volume 1, Issue 7 of Creative Intelligence. Catalytix, Inc. and Richard Florida Creativity Group, 2003.
*http://www.catalytix.biz/acrobat/vol1issue8.pdf
A web-based, bimonthly newsletter focusing on measuring the creative class in communities and providing the latest regional indicators developed by Richard Florida and his team.
Arts Funding/Philanthropy
Business Committee for the Arts. The BCA Report: 2004 National Survey of Business Support to the Arts (report and executive summary). Shugoll Research, December 2004.
**www.bcainc.org
The triennial report provides information about the level and type of business support for the arts and the individuals who make funding decisions and trends in the business-art alliances.
Prince, Russ Alan and Karen Maru File. The Seven Faces of Philanthropy: A New Approach to Cultivating Major Donors, San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1994.
**www.amazon.com/books
The book describes the seven philanthropic “personalities” of individual donors and suggests different fundraising approaches appropriate for each kind of donor.
Renz, Loren and Steven Lawrence. Arts Funding IV: An Update on Foundation Trends, The Foundation Center, 2003.
*www.fdncenter.org/research/trends_analysis/index.html
The most comprehensive and up-to-date analysis available on foundation giving patterns for arts, culture, humanities and media.
Audiences
Hauser, Karen. The Audience for Touring Broadway: A Demographic Study 2003-2004. The League of American Theatres and Producers, Inc., New York: 2005.
**www.livebroadway.com/research.html
Hauser, Karen. The Demographics of the Broadway Audience 2003–2004. The League of American Theatres and Producers, Inc., New York: 2004.
**www.livebroadway.com/research.html
McCarthy, Kevin F., and Kimberly Jinnett. A New Framework for Building Participation in the Arts. RAND, Santa Monica: 2001.
*www.rand.org/publications
Examines why people become involved in the arts, how arts organizations can influence their participation and what lessons can be learned from leaders in the field. Also included in the study is a chapter that presents an overview and critique of published research on arts participation.
National Endowment for the Arts. 2002 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts. Washington: GPO, 2003.
*www.arts.gov/pub/ResearchReports.html
This report describes U.S. adult arts participation in 2002. It examines attendance at arts events, art museums, and literature consumption. Additionally, it investigates arts participation within various media and community groups, discusses the demographic and geographic differences in arts participation and compares the 2002 rates to those found in 1982 and 1992.
Walker-Kuhne, Donna. Invitation to the Party: Building Bridges to the Arts, Culture and Community. Theatre Communications Group, New York: 2005.
**http://www.tcg.org/frames/bookstore/fs_book_direct.cfm?ID=TCG1141
This book is a practical and inspirational guide on ways to invite, engage and partner with culturally diverse communities, and on how to enfranchise those communities into the fabric of arts and culture in the U.S.
Western States Arts Federation. From NASCAR to Cirque du Soleil: Lessons in Audience Development, Denver: 2000.
*www.westaf.org/pdfs/nascar.pdf
Examines broad marketing trends and principles of audience development.
Communication Techniques for Influencing Opinion
Bales, Susan Nall. Reframing Community Messages through Myths and Metaphors. Center for Communications and Community, University of California, Los Angeles: August 2, 2000.
*www.sscnet.ucla.edu/issr/ccc/toolkit/bales.htm
This essay poses the argument that all messages that people readily identify with conform to four basic myths and parables: (1) the rot at the top, or stories of corruption; (2) the triumphant individual, or hard work pays off; (3) the benign community of neighbors helping each other; and (4) the mob at the gates, or society is coming apart. Bales discusses how to achieve greater public response by developing messages framed around these myths.
Gladwell, Malcolm. The Tipping Point: How Little Things Can Make a Big Difference. Boston: Little Brown, 2000.
**www.gladwell.com
The Tipping Point looks at why major changes in our society so often happen suddenly and unexpectedly and identifies the particular personality types who are natural pollinators of new ideas and trends.
Cultural Diplomacy
National Arts Journalism Program. Arts and Minds: Cultural Diplomacy Amid Global Tensions, 2003.
*www.najp.org
Arts & Minds explores cultural diplomacy’s history, viability and prospects. Prominent U.S. and foreign diplomats, policy makers, historians, artists, arts administrators and journalists probe whether new arts programs might play a role in recasting the U.S. image.
Demographic Trends
Hager, Mark and Mary Kopczynski. The Value of the Performing Arts in Five Communities 2: A Comparison of 2002 Household Survey Data in Austin, Sarasota, Boston, Minneapolis-St. Paul and Washington D.C. Performing Arts Research Coalition and the Urban Institute, January 2004.
*www.tcg.org/frames/programs/fs_mp_research.htm
Hodgkinson, Harold. Secondary Schools in A New Millennium: Demographic Certainties, Social Realities. National Association of Secondary School Principals, 2000.
**www.principals.org
A look at the changing demographics of American society.
Kopczynski, Mary and Mark Hager. The Value of the Performing Arts in Five Communities: A Comparison of 2002 Household Survey Data in Alaska, Cincinnati, Denver, Pittsburgh and Seattle. Performing Arts Research Coalition and the Urban Institute, March 2003.
*www.tcg.org/frames/programs/fs_mp_research.htm
Kopczynski, Mary, Mark Hager and Eric Wallner. The Value of the Performing Arts in Ten Communities: A Summary Report. Performing Arts Research Coalition and the Urban Institute, June 2004.
*www.tcg.org/frames/programs/fs_mp_research.htm
These reports, which measure not only attendance but also the value placed on the performing arts by attenders and non-attenders alike, indicate overwhelming support for the nonprofit performing arts by Americans.
Putnam, Robert. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York:
Simon & Schuster, 2000.
**www.amazon.com/books
Using data from Roper Social and Political Trends and the DDB Needham Life Style—surveys that report in detail on Americans’ changing behavior over the past 25 years—Putnam argues that people are becoming increasingly disconnected from structures and from the value of community activity.
Economic Impact
Americans for the Arts. Arts & Economic Prosperity: The Economic Impact of Nonprofit Arts Organizations and Their Audiences, 2002.
*www.artsusa.org
This study of the nation’s nonprofit arts organizations and their audiences provides compelling new evidence that the nonprofit arts are a significant industry in the United States— one that generates $134 billion in total economic activity.
Hauser, Karen. Broadway’s Economic Contribution to New York City 2002-2003. The League of American Theatres and Producers and the Alliance for the Arts, March 2004.
**www.livebroadway.com/econ01.html
A biennial study that examines the 2002–2003 Broadway season and its economic impact on New York City.
Kushner, Roland J. and Thomas H. Pollak. The Finances and Operations of Nonprofit Performing Arts Organizations in 2001 and 2002: Highlights and Executive Summary. Performing Arts Research Coalition and the Urban Institute, 2004.
*www.tcg.org/frames/programs/fs_mp_research.htm
An analysis of fiscal survey data from members of five national service organizations—American Symphony Orchestra League, Arts Presenters, Dance/USA, Opera America and Theatre Communications Group.
Education
Arts Education Partnership with The President’s Committee on the Arts and the Humanities.
Champions of Change: The Impact of the Arts on Learning. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 2000.
*www.artsedge.kennedy-center.org/champions/
Report compiles results of seven major arts education research projects. Major findings include that learners can attain higher levels of achievement through their engagement with the arts, and that learning through he arts can help “level the playing field” for youngsters from disadvantaged circumstances.
Arts Education Partnership with The President’s Committee on the Arts and the Humanities.
Why Your Child Needs the Arts Advantage and How You Can Gain It. Washington, D.C.: GPO, 2000.
*http://www.aep-arts.org/Publications.htm#Why
Arts Education Partnership. “You Want to Be a Part of Everything”: The Arts, Community, & Learning. New York: 2003.
**http://www.aep-arts.org/Publications.htm#YouWant
The report highlights five youth arts programs from across the country brought together at an AEP forum in September, 2003, and provides provocative testimony to youth centered and youth directed arts programs that are creating powerful and supportive communities among young people.
Catterall, James S. “Involvement in the Arts and Success in Secondary School.” Volume 1, Number 9 of Monographs. Americans for the Arts, 1998.
**www.artsusa.org (contact to find out about obtaining archived article)
An analysis of a long-term study of 25,000 secondary school students sponsored by the U.S. Department of Education.
Dana Foundation, The. Acts of Achievement: The Role of Performing Arts Centers in Education. New York: Dana Press, 2003.
*www.dana.org
Study of K-12 education programs offered by performing arts centers nationwide. Showcases 74 performing art center institutions, large and small, partnering with their local schools.
Deasy, Richard J., ed. Critical Links: Learning in the Arts and Student Academic and Social Development, Arts Education Partnership, 2002.
*http://www.aep-arts.org/clhome.html
This study suggests that for certain populations—including young children, students from economically disadvantaged circumstances, and students needing remedial instruction—learning in the arts may be uniquely able to advance learning success in other areas.
Heath, Shirley Brice with Elisabeth Soep and Adelma Roach. “Living the Arts Through Language and Learning: A Report on Community-Based Youth Organizations.” Volume 2, Number 7 of Monographs. Americans for the Arts, 1998.
**www.artsusa.org (contact to find out about obtaining archived article)
Analysis of a long-term study of nonschool youth organizations that local young people living in low-income neighborhoods consider highly desirable places to spend their time. Sponsored by a grant from the GE Fund.
National Governors Association. The Impact of Arts Education on Workforce Preparation, 2002.
*www.nga.org
This issue brief provides examples of arts-based education as a money and time saving option for states looking to build skills, increase academic success, heighten standardized test scores and lower the incidence of crime among general and at-risk populations.
Persky, H.R., B.A. Sandene, and J.M. Askew with Sheida White. The NAEP 1997 Arts Report Card. United States Department of Education, Office of Educational Research and Improvement, National Center for Education Statistics. Washington, D.C.: NCES 1999-486, 1998.
*www.ed.gov/pubs/edpubs.html
Nationally representative and continuing assessment of what America’s students know and can do in various subject areas. Assessments have been conducted periodically since 1969 in various subject areas.
President’s Committee on the Arts and the Humanities and Arts Education Partnership.
Gaining the Arts Advantage: Lessons from School Districts That Value Arts Education.
Washington D.C.: GPO, 1999.
*www.pcah.gov/publications.htm
The first national study to examine district-wide arts education and identify strategies for its success.
Governance
Bowen, William G. Inside the Boardroom: Governance By Directors and Trustees. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2000.
**www.amazon.com
Bowen explores the role of the board of directors in today’s for-profit and not-for-profit organizations and offers his, at times, controversial recommendations on how boards can better serve the interests of organizations and their stakeholders.
Dayton, Kenneth N. Governance is Governance. Washington, DC: Independent Sector, 2000.
**www.independentsector.org
A booklet that examines the relationship between management and governing boards and helps define the functions and responsibilities of each one.
Ingram, Richard T. Ten Basic Responsibilities of Nonprofit Boards. BoardSource, 2003.
**www.boardsource.org
The first book in a nine book governance series. The complete series is available through BoardSource.
Klein, Sabrina. The Art of Serving on a Performing Arts Board. National Center for Nonprofit Boards and Theatre Bay Area, 1999.
**http://www.theatrebayarea.org
Defines the board’s basic responsibilities and addresses the relationship between the board, artistic director and the executive director. Also discusses the risks involved with live performance, the creative process and engaging local business and government agencies in the arts.
Mathiasen, Karl III. Board Passages: Three Key Stages in a Nonprofit Board’s Life Cycle. Washington, DC: National Center for Nonprofit Boards, 1990.
*www.managementassistance.org/page4b.html
An insightful monograph that traces the evolution of nonprofit boards from an organizing board to an institutional and fundraising board.
McDaniel, Nello and George Thorn. Arts Boards, Creating a New Community Equation. New York: ARTS Action Research, 1994.
**www.artsaction.com
The authors offer practical approaches to help arts professionals and their board partners work more effectively and productively. One of a number of publications in the ARTS Action Issues series.
Roche, Nancy and Jaan Whitehead. The Art of Governance: Boards in the Performing Arts. New York: Theatre Communications Group, 2005.
**www.tcg.org
This book provides the larger context in which trustees govern—the art, artists, history, institutions and national policies of the performing arts—and also explores more practical issues, such as board development, planning, finance and fundraising.
Media
National Arts Journalism Program. Reporting the Arts: News Coverage of Arts and Culture in America, New York: Columbia University, 1999.
*www.najp.org
National Arts Journalism Program. Reporting the Arts II: News Coverage of Arts and Culture in America, New York: Columbia University, 2004.
*www.najp.org
National Arts Journalism Program. Television and the Arts, Network News Coverage of the Arts and Culture in the 1990s, New York: Columbia University, 2000.
*www.najp.org
Not-for-Profit Management
Austin, Rob and Lee Devin. Artful Making: What Managers Need to Know About How Artists Work. Financial Times Prentice Hall, 2003.
**www.amazon.com
In their book, the authors demonstrate striking structural similarities between theatre artistry and production and today’s business projects—and show how collaborative artists have mastered the art of delivering innovation “on cue,” on immovable deadlines and budgets.
Miller, Clara. Capital Structure Counts. Nonprofit Finance Fund, 2002.
*http://www.nonprofitfinancefund.org/docs/Capital_StructureWebVersion.pdf
This monograph illustrates observations about the effect of capital structure on nonprofits and the relationship of capital structure to program and capacity-building. Understanding the impact of capitalization can assist nonprofit managers and their funders to better plan for growth and change.
Miller, Clara. “Hidden in Plain Sight, Understanding Nonprofit Capital Structure.” The Nonprofit Quarterly. Third Sector New England, Spring 2003.
*http://www.nonprofitfinancefund.org/docs/Miller_Capital_Structure.pdf
This article explores the relationship between mission, organizational capacity and capital structure.
Stevens, Susan Kenny. Nonprofit Lifecycles: Stage-based Wisdom for Nonprofit Capacity. LarsonAllen Public Service Group.
**www.larsonallen.com/publicservice/lifecycle.asp
Offering practical insights and thought-provoking case illustrations, this book presents seven nonprofit lifecycle stages and the predictable tasks, challenges, and inevitable growing pains that nonprofits encounter and can hope to master on the road to organizational sustainability.
Problem-Solving
Nalebuff, Barry and Ian Ayres. Why Not? How to Use Everyday Ingenuity to Solve Problems Big and Small. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2003.
**www.whynot.net
Illustrated with examples from every aspect of life, this book offers simple techniques for generating ingenious solutions to existing problems and for applying existing solutions to new problems.
Public Sector Issues
Moore, Mark H. Creating Public Value: Strategic Management in Government. Harvard University Press, 1995.
**www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/moocre.html
Mark Moore presents his summation of fifteen years of research, observation, and teaching about what public sector executives should do to improve the performance of public enterprises.
Theatre Communications Group Research and Reading
www.tcg.org
Gerard, Jeremy. ACT II: Creating Partnerships and Setting Agendas for the Future of the American Theater. The League of American Theatres and Producers and Theatre Communications Group, 2002.
Model Board Handbook. Theatre Communications Group, 2001.
To obtain a copy, please email Sandra Nance at snance@tcg.org.
*Voss, Zannie Giraud, Glenn Voss and Christopher Shuff with Katie Taber. In Whom We Trust III: Theatre Governing Boards in 2004, November 2004.
*Voss, Zannie Giraud, Glenn Voss with Christopher Shuff and Ilana B. Rose. Theatre Facts 2004. Theatre Communications Group, June 2005.
American Theatre Articles:
*Mayeda, Cynthia. “For Institutions, Is Art the Bottom Line?” American Theatre, May/June 2003: 33, 74-77.
*Pesner, Ben. “Through the Looking-Glass—A Special Report Based on Theatre Facts 2004.” American Theatre, Nov. 2005: Volume 22, Number 9.
*Whitehead, Jaan. “Art Will Out.” American Theatre, Oct. 2002: 31-36, 130-133.
*Centerpiece Series. Theatre Communications Group, July 1998–July 2005:
(Governance and other related Centerpieces)
Making the Case for Our Education Programs: Education Survey 2005. July 2005.
Everything You Always Wanted to Know About Sarbanes-Oxley But Were Afraid to Ask. January 2004.
The Role of Trustees in Major Gifts Fundraising. October 2003.
The Board’s Role in Succession Planning. June 2003.
Marketing Strategies for Uncertain Times. May 2003.
Endowments in a Changing Economy. October 2002.
Branding: From Cattle Ritual to Company Mandate. September 2002.
In Whom We Trust II: Theatre Governing Boards in 2001. February 2002.
Learning Perspectives from Beyond the Boardroom. September 2001.
Professional Development for Trustees. May 2001.
The Chair: More Than Just a Title. March 2001.
Advocacy: Making the Case for Theatre. December 2000.
Diversifying Our Boards. July 2000.
Resources for Trustees. February 2000.
Enduring Partnerships. October 1999.
New Thinking About Boards. June 1999.
Who Needs to Know? March 1999.
Grass Roots Advocacy. July 1998.
*Publications that are available for download on the Internet
**Publications that are available for purchase on the Internet
For more information about TCG's 2004 Fall Forum please contact Ilana Rose, Management Programs Research Associate, at irose@tcg.org.